1. Horizontal gene transfer - principles
  2. Transformation and transduction
  3. Conjugation

1. The concepts covered here can be reviewed in your textbook, pages 232-235, and your lecture notes.

2. In conjugation, a plasmid is transferred from one bacterium to another via a pilus. Review the process of conjugation and answer the following questions:

3. The F plasmid is replicated using sigma, or rolling circle replication. On a piece of paper answer the following questions:

4. In Hfr cells, the F plasmid is inserted randomly in the chromosome. Below is the chromosome of an Hfr cell, with the F plasmid inserted in it and some genes.

HGT

5. If you feel that you have mastered the concepts on this page, you can move to the next sub-unit, which explores viruses.